Process of making paper pulp



July 24, 1923. 1,403,000

B.J.BELUNGER PROCESS OF MAKING PAPER PULP Filed July 2 1921 2Sheets-Sheet 1 July 24, 1923.. 1.463.000-

B. J. BELLINGER PROCESS OF MAKING PAPER PULP Filed July 2, 1921 2Sheets-Shet 2 0 b o 0 do 0 o 0 o o 0 9.45- o o o 10 aka 3/0 0 l2 /4/gtwewfoz $29M Patented duly 24, T9233.

it srrs treats BURT J. IBELLINGER, F DEXTER, NEW YORK.

PROCESS 0E MAKING PAPER PULP.

Application filed July 2,

To all wit/omit my concern:

Be it known that BURT J. BELLINGER, citizen of the v United States,residing at Dexter, in the county of Jefierson and State 6 of New York,has invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of Marking Paper Pulp, of which the following is a specification.

' My 'nvention relates to a process of pro- 1 ducing sulphite pulp andone of the objects of the invention is to produce a pulp which will havelongerfiber than that produced by the present processes.

, The present state of the art of producing l v sulphi-te pulp Iunderstand to be as follows:

The chipped wood is cooked in a digester of well-known character,suificiently to dissolve out the constituent gums, thereby libcratingthe fiber. The fiber is then pa$ed .30 to the knotter which separatesthose portions, consistsing of bark,,knots and foreign matter which has'not been reduced to pulp in the digester, from the fibrous portions.

This rejected portion of bark, knots, etc. is 25 then ground and stored'for use as hereinafter described.

The fibrous pulp is then passed overa cutplate screen having slots therethrough of 18 to 21 thousandths in width. Through these slots 75 to 90per cent'of the pulp pasms. This product is partially prepared firsts.This variation of from 75 to 90 per cent is due'to the varying toughnessof the wood fiber and the variation in degree of intensity of cook. Theto per cent of stock, consisting of partly prepared semnds, which passesover the screen is stored in bins for later treatment as hereinafterdescribed. Then the 75 to 90 per cent of firsts is passed through aJordan or Holland heater, or a collar gang in which the pulp is groundby rigidly set steel opposite steel, steel opposite stone, or stoneopposite stone. While this operation further separates fiber from fiberit also tends to break and cut the fiber into shorter lengths, to itsinjury.

From this operation the pulp is passed to another cut-plate screen finerthan the earlier one, and having slots from 8 to l2 thousandths wide.About 90 per cent of this til 1921. Serial no. 482,180.

pulp passes through the cut-plate, the prodnot being finished firsts,which is then ready to go to the wet machine. The 10 per cent rejectionsfrom this cut-plate is then mixed withthe 10 to 25 per cent rejectionsof the first cut-plate and fed to a Jordan or Holland or collar gang. IFrom there thepulp is sent over a cutpla'te screen having 8 to 12thousandths slots. That portion of the pulp, about 85 W per cent passingthrough this screen is called seconds and is ready for use in a wetmachine for making an inferior stock. The 15 per cent rejection is thenmixed with the ground rejections from the knotter and' is ready for useas filler for cardboard, etc. I In the herein described process, it isdesirable to conserve the strength of the fiber, to cook the chips theleast possible amount consistent with suitable disintegration of m thechips, so as to liberate the fiber without undue oxidation. If thechipsare undercifigked the pulp requires more beating and a largerpercentage passes into seconds. If the pulp is over-cooked, the fibersare weak- 7 ened and become unduly shortened by breakage in the heaters.It will also be understood that substantially 'all the foregoing stepsare performed in the presence of suflicient water to cause the freely.

My improved processhas for its fundamental point. the fact that insteadof separating the fibers in-the customary manner by means of a Jordan orHolland beater or collar gang as hereinabove described, ll subject thedigested pulp to the operation of a Bellinger carding machine in whichthe fiber is efficiently separated without being out or shortened. so

Referring to the drawings; Fig. 1 is a flow sheet illustrating the stepsof the process, and

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the carding machine broken away to showthe internal t5 arrangement, and

Fig. 3 is a view of a carding brush, and

Fig. t is a section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

lln my process, the chipped wood is cooked lite pulp to flow I gether tosome extent but said fibers are later separated successfully in theBellinger machine without injury to the fiber. Next the cook is passedthrough the knotter 2,

where the bark and knotty portions are removed. This rejected portion ofbark and knots is ground and stored, for use as hereinafter described.Then the pulp portion is put through a thickener 3 which abstracts aportion of the water, reducing the pulp to as stifl' a consistency aswill flow vertically downwardly over a wet board. Thence into theBellinger machine 4 which partially separates the fibers from each otherwithout breaking or cutting or otherwise shortening them.

The pulp is then passed over a cut-plate screen 5 having 18 to 21thousandths slots, resulting in from 95 to 97 per cent of partiallyprepared firsts. The remaining three to five per cent of partlypreparedseconds are stored for further treatment, to be described laterherein. These firsts may be then put through a succession of Bellingerunits 6 and 7 resulting in a further separation of the fibers. Then thepulp is passed over a cut-plate screen 8, having 8 to 12 thousandthsslots, resulting in 95 to 97 pg: cent of finished firsts which are thenreai y for the wet machine. The remaining 3 to 5 per cent of seconds isthen mixed with the earlier lot of seconds and the resultant mass ofpulp put through a succession of two or three Bellinger units. Theproduct is then passed over a cut-plate screen having 8 to 12thousandths slots resulting'in 80 to 90 per cent of finished secondswhich are ready for the wet machine 9 for making an inferior stock. The10 to 20 per cent rejections are then mixed with the ground bark andknots for use as filler for cardboard. etc.

It will be observed that my improved process entirely omits the use of aJordan or .HoL land heater or of a collar gang, thereby conserving theintegrity of the fiber. The Jordam and other heaters cut the fibercrosswise,

, thereby shortening the length of the fiber and greatly reducing itsfelting quality. The Bellinger machine does not cut the fiber butefiiciently separates the fibers from each other without injury to thefiber.

Other advantages inherent in my new process are: a

As the chips are cooked under less pres-- sure and for a shorter timeand with. weaker eeaooo acid the result is a definitely stronger fiber.Also the shorter time required for a cook,

permits more cooks per week and therefore I greater production. There isalso a material savin in temperature, pressure, and steam,

there ore of coal to produce the steam.

The under-cooking of the chips results in the retention of a largerproportion of the cementitious wood gums, thereby producing more weightof useful product per cord of wood. Under the old process these weremore fully dissolved and wasted.

A definite reduction of equipment and' floor room required therefor isattained by the elimination of the heaters. Also the power required todrive the heaters is saved. The beaters are definitely injurious to thestock in reducing the length of the fibers. Also the heaters tend toball the stock and not to open it out.

The Bellinger machine performs a distinct carding action, separating andcombing the fibers apart.

The particular carding machine which ll find suitable for this purposecomprises a stationary receptacle 16 provided with carding brushes 10and a revoluble member 11 provided with similar carding brushes 12. Thecarding brushes in both members are removably held in place by the dovetail connections 13. The carding brush consists of a base portion 14 towhich are secured the teeth 15 of the proper strength and resiliency.The pulp in the *presence of'a suflicient amount of water is subjectedfor a suitable period of time to the action of the cards as will be wellunderstood.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The process of making paper pulp comprising digesting the chippedwood and then subjecting the digested pulp directly to carding toseparate the fibres.

2. The process of making paper pulp comprising digesting the chippedwood, removing the knots and the bark therefrom and then subjecting thedigested pulp directlyto carding to separate the'fibres.

3. The process of making paper pulp comprising digesting the chippedwood, remov- Ing the knots and the'bark therefrom, extracting a portionof the. water from the stock and then carding the stock, then addingwater to the stock and then screening the stock.

4:. The process of making sulphite pulp comprising mildly cookingthepulp, whereby a raw, undercooked fiber is produced containing a residueof its cementitious gums and thereafter carding the stock to separatethe fibers.

5. The process of maln'ng sulphite pulp comprising mildly cooking thepulp, whereby a raw, undercooked fiber is produced con- 1,4ee,ees

tainin a residue of its eementitious gums, removmg the knots and barktherefrom and then carding the stock to separate the fibers. 6. Theprocess of making sulphite pulp 5 comprising mildly cooking the pulpWhereand then screening the stock.

by a raw, undercooked fiber is produced con- In testimony whereof Iaflix my signature. taining a residue of its cementitious gums, BURT J.BELLIEGEB.

removing the knots and the bark therefrom, extracting a portion of theyvater from the stock and then carding the stock to separate 10 thefibers, then adding Water to the stock.

